
Visual guides for exercise form, training splits, and program design
| Training Split | Days/Week | Frequency | Best For | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Body | 2-3 | 2-3x/week per muscle | Beginners, busy schedules | Time-efficient, high frequency | Long workouts, lower volume per muscle |
| Upper/Lower | 4 | 2x/week per muscle | Intermediate lifters, balanced development | Great frequency, manageable workouts | Requires 4 gym days/week |
| Push/Pull/Legs | 3 or 6 | 1-2x/week per muscle | Intermediate-advanced, optimal volume | Efficient, logical grouping, short workouts | 6-day version is time-intensive |
| Bro Split | 5 | 1x/week per muscle | Advanced lifters, bodybuilders | High volume per muscle, short intense workouts | Low frequency, suboptimal for natural lifters |
Schedule:
Key features:
Schedule:
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Setup:
Descent:
Ascent:
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Descent:
Ascent:
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Pull:
Lockout:
| Periodization Type | Structure | Intensity Pattern | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linear Periodization | Start light, progressively increase weight over weeks | Week 1-4: 12-15 reps Week 5-8: 8-12 reps Week 9-12: 4-6 reps | Beginners, strength progression |
| Undulating Periodization | Vary intensity daily or weekly | Mon: Heavy (4-6 reps) Wed: Moderate (8-12 reps) Fri: Light (12-15 reps) | Intermediate lifters, variety |
| Block Periodization | Focus on one quality per block (4-6 weeks) | Block 1: Hypertrophy (8-12 reps) Block 2: Strength (3-5 reps) Block 3: Power (1-3 reps) | Advanced athletes, peaking |
| Conjugate Method | Train max effort and dynamic effort simultaneously | Max Effort Day: 1-3 reps Dynamic Effort Day: 8-12 reps explosive | Powerlifters, advanced strength |
Tier 1: Main Compound Lifts (Priority)
Tier 2: Secondary Compounds
Tier 3: Isolation/Accessory Work
Push Day (Chest, Shoulders, Triceps):
Pull Day (Back, Biceps, Rear Delts):
Leg Day (Quads, Hamstrings, Glutes, Calves):
Choose the Right Split: Full Body (beginners/2-3 days), Upper/Lower (intermediate/4 days), PPL (advanced/6 days), Bro Split (advanced bodybuilders/5 days).
Frequency Matters: Train each muscle group 2x per week for optimal natural muscle growth. Higher frequency beats low frequency when volume is equal.
Exercise Selection: Prioritize main compound lifts first (squat, bench, deadlift, OHP), then secondary compounds, then isolation work.
Progressive Overload: Gradually increase weight, reps, sets, or decrease rest time to force adaptations and muscle growth.
Form Over Ego: Perfect form prevents injuries and maximizes muscle engagement. Master technique before adding weight.
Periodization: Vary intensity and volume over time using linear, undulating, or block periodization to prevent plateaus and optimize progress.